International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury
These proceedings were reviewed and approved for publication in conjunction with the 2021 IRCOBI Europe conference. The conference was held online due to concerns related to the corona pandemic, but the proceedings are the official record of the conference.
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IRC-21-10 |
Serious Head, Neck and Spine Injuries in Rear Impacts: Frequency and Sources
Chantal S. Parenteau, David C. Viano |
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IRC-21-11 |
Estimated Lives Saved by Recently Implemented Vehicle Safety Standards in India: Implications and Future Safety Needs
Pradeep Puthan Pisharam, Nils Lubbe, Johan Davidsson |
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IRC-21-12 |
Identification and Characterization of Pedal Misapplication Crashes Using National and State Databases
Colin P. Smith*, Rini Sherony, and Hampton C. Gabler |
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IRC-21-13 |
Short communication:
Development of a rider posture estimation system
Ioannis Symeonidis, Stella Nikolaou, Evangelos Bekiaris |
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IRC-21-14 |
Short communication:
A preliminary insight of pedestrian avoidance behavior effect on pre-impact pose
Shi Shang, Quan Li, Bingbing Nie, Guibing Li, Qing Zhou, Catherine Masson, Pierre-Jean Arnoux, Max Py, Ciaran K. Simms |
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IRC-21-15 |
Potential Crash Benefits of Motorcycle-Detecting Automatic Emergency Braking Systems
Morgan E. Dean*, Samantha H. Haus, Rini Sherony, Hampton C. Gabler |
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IRC-21-16 |
Automatic Emergency Braking Sensor Configuration Effect on the Detection of U.S. Pedestrians
Samantha H. Haus, Rini Sherony, Hampton C. Gabler |
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IRC-21-17 |
Finite Element Simulations of Motorcyclist Interaction with a Novel Passive Safety Concept for Motorcycles
Steffen Maier, Laurent Doléac, Holger Hertneck, Sebastian Stahlschmidt, Jörg Fehr |
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IRC-21-18 |
Short communication:
Effect of the Lower Limb Muscles on the Knee Lateral Bending and Medial Collateral Ligament’s Elongation during Vehicle – Pedestrian Impacts
Dhaval Jani, Karina Lehmann, Christian Teichmann, Giacomo Marini |
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IRC-21-19 |
Short communication:
Investigation of the Effect of Non-Struck-Side Lower Limb on Pelvic Kinematics for the Development of Pedestrian Pelvis Impactor
Yu-ki Higuchi, Takahiro Isshiki, Jacobo Antona-Makoshi, Fusako Sato, Atsuhiro Konosu, Yukou Takahashi |
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IRC-21-20 |
Comparisons of Initial Joint Angles and Test Buck Reaction Forces for Relaxed and Braced 5th Percentile Female and 50th Percentile Male Volunteers and Analogous Active Human Body Models in a Simulated Driver’s Seat
Hana Chan*, Karan S. Devane, Devon L. Albert, F. Scott Gayzik, and Andrew R. Kemper |
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IRC-21-21 |
Comparison of the Head-Neck Kinematics of Different Active Human Body Models with Experimental Data
Oleksandr V. Martynenko, Isabell Wochner, Lennart V. Nölle, Eduardo H. Alfaro, Syn Schmitt, Christian Mayer, Atul Mishra, Pronoy Ghosh, Ravi Kiran Chitteti, Jens Weber, María González-García, Muriel Beaugonin, Stefanos Vlachoutsis |
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IRC-21-22 |
Assessment of Madymo Active Human Body Model Kinematics and Dynamics by means of Human Volunteer Response at Low-Speed Frontal Impacts
Manuel Valdano, Jesús R. Jiménez-Octavio, Carmen M. Vives-Torres, Francisco J. López-Valdés, Bengt Pipkorn |
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IRC-21-23 |
Neck Biofidelity Comparison of THOR-AV, THOR and Hybrid III 50th Dummies
Z. Jerry Wang, Brian Loeber, Angela Tesny, George Hu, Yun Seok Kang |
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IRC-21-24 |
THOR 5th Female Biofidelity Evaluation in Gold Standard Sled Test Condition
Z.Jerry Wang, Rakshit Ramachandra, John H. Bolte IV, Ellen Lee |
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IRC-21-25 |
Responses of the Hybrid III 5th percentile ATD tested outside of regulatory protocols
Kathy Tang, Suzanne Tylko, Alain Bussières |
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IRC-21-26 |
Comparison of Hybrid III and THOR 5th percentile female dummies in frontal crash tests
Jolyon Carroll*, Dion Kruse, Ekant Mishra, Krystoffer Mroz, Nils Lubbe |
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IRC-21-27 |
Short communication:
Measurement of head kinematics of snipers firing a 0.50 caliber rifle
Simon Ouellet, Gabriel St-Onge |
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IRC-21-28 |
Short communication:
Investigating Design Parameters and Accuracy of Embedded Markers Used in Tracking PMHS Brain Motion
S.Dutrisac, M. Brannen, T. B. Hoshizaki, O. E. Petel |
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IRC-21-29 |
Short communication:
Injury assessment of child restraint systems in realistic conditions
Dalia Broggi, Akos Kriston, Fabrizio Re, Fabrizio Minarini |
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IRC-21-30 |
Short communication:
Identifying Critical Head Impact Time Window using a Pre-trained Neural Network: an Initial Study
Kianoosh Ghazi, Chaokai Zhang, Shaoju Wu, Gregory Tierney, Adam Clansey, Lyndia Wu, Songbai Ji |
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IRC-21-31 |
Short communication:
The Effects of Oversampling Non-Independent Data on Concussion Injury Risk Functions
Gunter P. Siegmund*, Benjamin S. Elkin, Stephanie J. Bonin, Allen W. Yu, Adam J. Bartsch |
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IRC-21-32 |
Characterizing the Response of Lung Tissue in Shear and Indentation Quasi-Static Loading
Madelyn A. K. Eaton, Matthew B. Panzer, Robert S. Salzar |
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IRC-21-33 |
Preliminary Sex-specific Relationships between Peak Force and Cortical Bone Morphometrics in Human Tibiae Subjected to Lateral Loading
Angela L. Harden*, Yun-Seok Kang, Randee L. Hunter, Alexander Bendig, John H. Bolte IV, Noah I. Eckstein, Adam G.F. Smith, Amanda M. Agnew |
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IRC-21-34 |
Viscoelastic Characterization of Porcine Functional Spinal Units
Corina M. Espelien, Robert S. Salzar |
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IRC-21-35 |
Short communication:
Mechanical Properties of Male and Female Calvaria in Four-Point Dynamic Impact Bending
Kevin Adanty, Kapil B. Bhagavathula, Karyne N. Rabey, James D. Hogan, Dan Romanyk, Samer Adeeb, Simon Ouellet, Thomas A. Plaisted, Sikhanda S. Satapathy, Christopher R. Dennison |
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IRC-21-36 |
A Methodology to Replicate Lap Belt Loading Conditions from a Sled Impact Test in a Non-Impact Dynamic Environment on Whole-Body Postmortem Human Subjects
David Moreau, John Paul Donlon, Aida Chebbi, Mohan Jayathirtha, Sara Sochor, Brian Overby, Rachel Richardson, Bronislaw Gepner, Jason Forman, Martin Östling, Jason Kerrigan |
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IRC-21-37 |
Investigation of Sex-specific Effects on Variation in Cortical Bone Morphometrics of the Radius
Randee L. Hunter*, Zachary Haverfield, Amanda M. Agnew |
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IRC-21-38 |
Development of a 50th Percentile Female Femur Model
A.Schubert, N. Erlinger, C. Leo, J. Iraeus, J. John, C. Klug |
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IRC-21-39 |
Short communication:
Characterization of PMHS Shoulder Biomechanics Under Sub-Injurious Loading
Parker R. Berthelson, Mohan K. Jayathirtha, Junjun Zhu, Sara Sochor, Brian Overby, Jason L. Forman, Matthew B. Panzer |
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IRC-21-40 |
Short communication:
A biomechanical quantification of an effective balance recovery strategy in free-standing females and males using OpenSim
Jia-Cheng Xu, Ary P. Silvano, Jiota Nusia, Simon Krašna, Arne Keller, Corina Klug, Robert Thomson, Astrid Linder |
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IRC-21-41 |
Quantifying biovariability in position and diameter of bridging veins to improve acute subdural hematoma prediction in FE head models
Rebeca Alejandra Gavrila Laic, Markos Kapeliotis, Nele Famaey, Bart Depreitere, Svein Kleiven, Jos Vander Sloten |
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IRC-21-42 |
Short communication:
Towards Efficient Brain Strain Estimation for Automotive Head Impacts via Transfer Learning
Shaoju Wu, Wei Zhao, Saeed Barbat, Jesse Ruan, Songbai Ji |
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IRC-21-43 |
Short communication:
Numerical Aspects of Subdural Haematoma Modeling and Prediction
F. A. O. Fernandes, R. J. Alves de Sousa and M. Ptak |
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IRC-21-44 |
Short communication:
Preliminary investigation of sex-specific geometries and head kinematics on brain response using finite element brain models in automotive crash loading conditions
Kristen A. Reynier*, J. Sebastian Giudice, Jason L. Forman, Matthew B. Panzer |
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IRC-21-45 |
Short communication:
Interhemispheric Regional Strain Response of an Anatomically Accurate Finite Element Head Model
Tyler F. Rooks, Jamie L. Baisden, Narayan Yoganandan |
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IRC-21-46 |
The Influence of a Seat Track Load Limiter on Lumbar Spine Compression Forces in Relaxed, Reclined, and Upright Seating Positions: A Sled Test Study using THOR-50M
Martin Östling*, Christer Lundgren, Nils Lubbe, Andreas Huf, Philipp Wernicke and Bengt Pipkorn |
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IRC-21-47 |
Analysis of the effect of seated posture on vertebral compression fractures in frontal crashes using HBMs
Taei Shibahara, Tetsuya Nishimoto, Tomokazu Motomura, Hisashi Matsumoto, Ryusuke Asahi, Shigeru Sugimoto, Masanobu Fukushima |
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IRC-21-48 |
Short communication:
Comparisons between Child Safety Regulatory Tests and Vehicle Crash Test Pulses using Contemporary Data
Valentina Graci, Shreyas Sarfare, Thomas Seacrist, Kristy Arbogast, Matthew Maltese |
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IRC-21-49 |
Short communication:
Comparative measurements of reclined seats with SAE J826 and SAE J4002 H-point measurement devices
P.Stintat, I. Levallois and M. Gumprecht |
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IRC-21-50 |
An Update on Front-Seat Occupant Injury Rates in Frontal Crashes: Focus on Modern Vehicles
Chantal S. Parenteau, Amy Courtney, Ian C. Campbell, Edmund Lau |
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IRC-21-51 |
Numerical Reproducibility of Human Body Model Crash Simulations
Jonas Östh*, Bengt Pipkorn, Jimmy Forsberg, Johan Iraeus |
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IRC-21-52 |
Validation of the SAFER Human Body Model Kinematics in Far-Side Impacts
Bengt Pipkorn, Jonas Östh, Erik Brynskog, Emma Larsson, Liselotte Rydqvist, Johan Iraeus, Daniel Perez-Rapela, Lotta Jakobsson |
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IRC-21-53 |
A Method for Reproducible Landmark-based Positioning of Multibody and Finite Element Human Models
Christoph Klein, María González-García, Jens Weber, Freerk Bosma, Richard Lancashire, Dominik Breitfuss, Stefan Kirschbichler, Werner Leitgeb |
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IRC-21-54 |
Effect of Postural Adjustment Methods on Mesh Quality and Simulation Time of Human Body Models
Casey Costa, Juliette M. Caffrey, B. Wade von Kleeck III, Ashley A. Weaver, Jason J. Hallman, Satoshi Akima, Fang-Chi Hsu, F. Scott Gayzik |
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IRC-21-55 |
Cross-Sectional Analysis of Rib Fracture Mechanism of Elderly Occupant in Frontal Collision using THUMS
Yoshiki Takahira, Satoshi Akima, Yoshito Kusuhara, Noboru Tanase, Yuichi Kitagawa |
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IRC-21-56 |
Prediction of rib fractures to elderly female occupants by means of a combination of anterior-posterior and lateral deformation of the rib cage in a near-side crash
Takayuki Kawabuchi, Hisaki Sugaya, Yukou Takahashi, Amanda Agnew, Yun-Seok Kang, John Bolte IV |
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IRC-21-57 |
Short communication:
Human Body Model Thorax Morphing Method Based on Internal Landmarks Demonstrated with the Development of an Average 75-Year-Old Small Stature Female Model
Miguel Corrales, Skye Malcom & Duane Cronin |
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IRC-21-58 |
Short communication:
Representation of the Elderly Population with Active Human Body Models
Tanmoy Banik, Lennart V. Nölle, Syn Schmitt, Oleksandr V. Martynenko |
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IRC-21-59 |
Abdominal and Thoracic Injury Risk Functions for the Large Omni-directional Child (LODC) ATD
Brian Suntay*, Jason Stammen, Michael Carlson, Rakshit Ramachandra |
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IRC-21-60 |
Comparison of Child and ATD Static Belt Fit and Belt Torso Contact on Belt-Positioning Booster Seats
Gretchen H. Baker, Julie A. Mansfield, Randee L. Hunter, John H. Bolte IV |
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IRC-21-61 |
Dummy Kinematics and Head Containment in Far-side Impact of Child Restraint Systems
Costandinos Visvikis, Thomas Müller, Christoph Thurn |
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IRC-21-62 |
A Methodology for Large-Scale Parametric Evaluation of Child Booster Seats
Matthew Miller, Daniel Perez-Rapela, Bronislaw Gepner, Marcy Edwards, Jessica Jermakian, Jason Forman* |
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IRC-21-63 |
Analyzing the Force Variation and Response of a Human Body Finite Element Model in the Underbody Blast Environment
Zachary S. Hostetler, Jazmine Aira, Juliette Caffrey, F. Scott Gayzik |
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IRC-21-64 |
Investigation of injury mechanisms in sledging accidents involving children and adults
Stefan Smit*, Johanna Trauner-Karner, Michael Nader, Desiree Kofler, Nico Erlinger, Florian Feist, Corina Klug |
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IRC-21-65 |
Short communication:
The Role of Non-linear Stiffness in Modelling High-Rate Axial Loading of the Spine
Lucas Low*, Robert Salzar, Nicolas Newell, Spyros Masouros |
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IRC-21-66 |
Short communication:
The Injury Mechanism of Explosive Blast Trauma, with Protective Strategies for the Pelvis and Lower Limbs
Iain A. Rankin, Thuy-Tien Nguyen, Claire Webster, Louise McMenemy, Alastair Darwood, Jonathan C. Clasper, Spyros D. Masouros |
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IRC-21-67 |
Short communication:
Evaluation of a Novel Test Setup to Assess Injury Risk for Standing Occupants in Underbelly Mine/IED Injury Risk Assessment Tests
Tim Westerhof, Tarik Hartuç, Dominik Soyka, Mat Philippens |
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IRC-21-68 |
Short communication:
A Comparison of Two Data Acquisition Threshold Values on Head Acceleration Event Counts from an Instrumented Mouthguard
James Tooby, Ben Jones, Marwan Al-Dawoud, Dan Weaving, Gregory Tierney |
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IRC-21-69 |
Short communication:
Muscular Posture-Adaption Approach Maintaining Ligamentous Stresses and Strains
Fabian Kempter*, Jörg Fehr |
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IRC-21-70 |
Short communication:
Segmental Motion Response Corridors of Female Cervical Spines from Gx accelerative loading
John Humm, Yuvaraj Purushothaman, Sagar Umale, Narayan Yoganandan |
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IRC-21-71 |
Short communication:
Influence of Parameter Bounds on a Functional Spine Unit Model Under Traumatic Loading
Kathy Tang, Duane Cronin |
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IRC-21-72 |
Short communication:
Safety Analysis of Children Transported by Bicycles in Urban Accident Situations
Mariusz Ptak, Johannes Wilhelm, Marek Sawicki, Mateusz Dymek, Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa, Fábio A. O. Fernandes |
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IRC-21-73 |
Short communication:
Evaluation of WaveCel Helmets Using HIII Head and Neck in Oblique Impacts
Vivian W. J. Chung, Luis Dias, Gabrielle Booth, Peter A. Cripton |
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IRC-21-74 |
Teenage Activities and Postures when Passengers in a Vehicle Environment
Chantal S. Parenteau, Christopher Andrecovich, Sarah Sherman, Mats Svensson |
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IRC-21-75 |
Short communication:
Potential to Volunteer Testing Using a Driving Simulator with Motion Capture and EMG Data Acquisition
Fabian Kempter, Lorena Lantella, Norman Stutzig, Jörg Fehr, Tobias Siebert |
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IRC-21-76 |
Short communication:
Controlling Human Head Kinematics under External Loads Using Reinforcement Learning
Sayak Mukherjee*, Daniel Perez-Rapela, Jason Forman, Kelley Virgilio, Matthew B. Panzer |
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IRC-21-77 |
Short communication:
Ratio of Trials with Passive Kinematics under Fully Relaxed Conditions in Locally Focused Validation Experiments for Human Body Models
Julia Muehlbauer, María González-García, Jens Weber, Lea Siebler, Sylvia Schick, Steffen Peldschus |
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IRC-21-78 |
Short communication:
Simplified multi-code model for passive muscle tissue under impact
Felicitas Lanzl, Andre Berger, Dominic Huehn, Simon Dussinger, Pronoy Ghosh, Christian Mayer, Oleksandr Martynenko, Hosein Naseri, Johan Iraeus, Steffen Peldschus |
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IRC-21-79 |
Short communication:
Active and Passive Musculature Coupling Strategy to Improve Muscle Strain Prediction
Miguel Corrales, Matheus Correia & Duane Cronin |
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IRC-21-80 |
Short communication:
Using Neural Network Models to Predict Shoulder Bone Response from Humerus Kinematics
Junjun Zhu, Parker R. Berthelson, Mohan Jayathirtha, Jason Forman, Matthew B. Panzer |
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IRC-21-81 |
Deep Learning methods applied to the assessment of Brain Injury Risk
Nicolas Bourdet, Caroline Deck, Arnaud Trog, Frank Meyer, Vincent Noblet, Rémy Willinger* |
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IRC-21-82 |
Short communication:
MIPS Reduces Headform Kinematics Across a Range of Impact Speeds and Anvil Angles
Stephanie J. Bonin, Gunter P. Siegmund |
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IRC-21-83 |
Short communication:
A Paired Comparison of the Head Injury Severity Between Drivers and Passengers in Frontal Collisions
Shannon G. Kroeker, Gunter P. Siegmund |
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IRC-21-84 |
Short communication:
Intracranial strain measurements within a polymeric head surrogate
Jennifer Rovt, Sheng Xu, Scott Dutrisac, Simon Ouellet, Oren E. Petel |
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IRC-21-85 |
Short communication:
Traumatic brain injury findings from Great Britain’s in-depth RAIDS database relating to delta-V
Claire E. Baker, Phil S. Martin, Mark Wilson, Mazdak Ghajari, David J. Sharp |
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IRC-21-86 |
Short communication:
Analysis of Head Vertical Excursion Requirement for Booster Cushions in UN Regulation 129
M. Pitcher, F. Bendjellal |
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IRC-21-87 |
Short communication:
Head impact conditions for two-wheelers in passenger car collisions – comparison of European and Chinese scenarios
Christoph Leo, Karina Lehmann, Holger Staack, Volker Labenski, Christian Teichmann, Yong Chen, Corina Klug |
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IRC-21-88 |
Head-to-T1 Relative Rotation of the BioRID-II, Hybrid III, and Post Mortem Human Subjects with Increased Backsets in Moderate-Speed Rear Impacts
Yun-Seok Kang*, William Millis, Colton Thomas, Jim Stricklin, Arrianna Willis, Vikram Pradhan, Angela Tesny, Hyun Jung Kwon, Rakshit Ramachandra, Kevin Moorhouse |
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IRC-21-89 |
Rear-End Impact Assessment expanded with Pre-Impact Posture Variations
Lotta Jakobsson*, Jonas Östh, Katarina Bohman |
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IRC-21-90 |
Short communication:
Validation of THUMS Human Body Model in Far Side Impact
Shigeki Hayashi, Hiroshi Miyazaki, Yuichi Kitagawa, Sabine Compigne |
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IRC-21-91 |
Short communication:
Development and Validation of an Active 50th Percentile Chinese Male Human Body Model
Xizhe Pei, Shun Gan, Saichao Yang, Bingbing Nie |
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IRC-21-92 |
Exploratory Comparison of Human Rib Structural Behavior in Two Dynamic Loading Scenarios
Amanda M. Agnew*, Akshara Sreedhar, John H. Bolte IV, Yun-Seok Kang |
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IRC-21-93 |
Short communication:
Failure of Human Rib Cortical Bone during Low Rate Compression Tests
Devon L. Albert, Michael J. Katzenberger, Amanda M. Agnew, Andrew R. Kemper |
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IRC-21-94 |
Short communication:
Fragment penetration into the heart: initial findings
Hirotaka Tsukada, Thuy-Tien N Nguyen, Johno Breeze, Spyros D. Masouros |
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IRC-21-95 |
Short communication:
Upper-body injuries in pedestrians hit by the car front
Sylvia Schick, Klaus Bauer, Marcus Wisch, Oliver Zander, Steffen Peldschus |
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IRC-21-96 |
Short communication:
Biomechanical Response Corridors of 50th Percentile Female Human Ribs in Anterior-Posterior Loading
Yun-Seok Kang, Amanda M. Agnew |
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IRC-21-97 |
A Systematic Evaluation of Restraint System Performances for Tactical Vehicles in Frontal Crashes
Jingwen Hu, Nichole Orton, Kyle Boyle, Julie Klima, Celia Staniak, Risa Scherer, Matthew P. Reed |
The IRCOBI Council, the speakers, presenters and other participants, gratefully acknowledge the support by our sponsors:
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